Many parents worry about their young children’s development. Do you have a toddler whose social interactions are unusual? Do they spend too much time alone and lack interest in others? Do other behaviors, such as tantrums, cause you concern?
In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control estimated that one in every 59 children is autistic. The data shows that one in 34 boys and one in 144 girls receive an autism diagnosis. We know that autism looks a bit different in girls, which often delays their diagnosis.
Autism appears in all socioeconomic and ethnic groups, and the best outcomes are from early evaluation, diagnosis, and intervention.
Keep reading to learn more about autism and what you need to know about testing.
What is Autism?
The American Psychiatric Association defines autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as a neurodevelopmental condition. This means that brain development is different in some manner, and diagnosis involves a life-long difference. Differences may be seen in complex behaviors and interactions including the following:
- Ongoing problems with social interaction (e.g., disinterest, withdrawal, problems understanding how to interact)
- Repetitive and/or restricted behaviors (something done over and over)
- Difficulty with pragmatic/social language and nonverbal communication
The number and severity of symptoms vary for each individual. Some of the most recognizable signs appear by 2 to 3 years of age.
Toddlers with autism may begin with normal development, then appear to stop or even regress. Girls often exhibit less obvious signs of autism compared to boys.
Autism Screening with a Pediatrician
Detecting autism begins with effective screening by pediatricians and other practitioners. Many organizations recommend that autism screening be part of well-child visits.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines suggest two childhood autism screening tests. The first time should occur at the 18-month checkup and the second at the 24-month checkup. Generally, parents fill out a questionnaire about the child’s development and interactions and speak with the pediatrician.
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, or M-CHAT-R is often administered by pediatricians. Parents answer 20 questions describing their child’s behavior. It’s designed for children between the ages of 16 and 30 months.
Parents can use this screening test’s results to discuss concerns with your child’s provider. Remember that it’s recommended to complete this screening twice, at 18 – and 24-months.
If there are indications of possible ASD, the pediatrician should refer to a psychologist for testing. Note that signs found during a screening only means the child needs further testing. It’s not a diagnosis of autism.
Autism Evaluation with a Psychologist
During testing, more behavior ratings, interview, and background information will be gathered. The psychologist will observe the child while playing and interacting with others. They will also ask the child to perform tasks. Observing the child’s activity allows evaluation of thinking skills and decision-making abilities.
Ideally, evaluation is completed face-to-face. It’s often easier to hold a child’s attention in person. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we can do things.
Many medical appointments have moved to a virtual environment to fill the potential gap in healthcare. Healthcare facilities have adapted ASD screening, testing, and treatment to a telemedicine format.
At Northern Colorado Assessment Center, we provide full assessments online. Once completed, you will receive a comprehensive diagnostic report along with treatment recommendations.
ASD testing is most commonly completed beginning at the age of 18 months. Online video conference calls allow practitioners to interview parents and caregivers without contact. Parents will be asked to provide some video of specific scenarios with the child. Parents and/or educators are also asked to complete rating scales.
Before the telehealth assessments, the parent needs to spend some time getting ready. The psychologist will want to talk to you and your child. You’ll need to prepare the space you plan to use in your home so that it’s free from distractions. It’s also important to explain to your child how a virtual interaction works.
If your child is diagnosed with ASD you’ll receive information and resources for you and your child. Many caregivers face daily challenges in caring for their child. Ask about support groups in your community that include parents of children with ASD.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many children’s services have been reduced or stopped. This occurs when schools must shut down due to quarantine. Virtual video chat appointments can help parents learn how to fill in the gaps.
Will Insurance Cover ASD Testing?
The Federal Code § 38.2-3418.17 mandates coverage for the diagnosis and treatment of ASD. This applies to health insurers, health care subscription plans, and health maintenance organizations.
Most health insurance providers cover expenses for children diagnosed with ASD. In fact, all except for two states follow this mandate for ASD service coverage. Some states may require insurance to pay for some ASD expenses under mental health plans.
Health benefit plans for federal employees require prior approval for ASD treatment. Once you receive this approval, the care is covered with certain restrictions.
Medicaid has a special provision that includes ASD coverage. It comes under the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment (EPSDT) program.
According to this program, beneficiaries who are less than 21 years old may receive health care services. It will cover all care that’s deemed medically necessary for a condition diagnosed in childhood.
Are You Concerned That Your Child Has Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Has your child received autism screenings at their 18- and 24-month well-checks? Has your provider recommended further autism testing? This can be a stressful time, especially when resources seem limited due to the pandemic.
Northern Colorado Assessment Center is here for you and ready to meet you online. We’ll offer a comprehensive evaluation for your child.
We diagnose children with many different learning, behavioral, and cognitive conditions. Examples include testing for ADHD, ASD, neuropsychological, and psychological conditions. You’ll receive support to meet your psychological and evaluation needs.
Contact us today to set up a telemedicine consult.
